Plenary Speakers (list by first letter of Surname)
Prof. -Ing. habil. Ali Cemal Benim
Affiliation: Düsseldorf University of Applied Sciences, Germany
Topic: Investigations on Cogeneration and Waste Heat Recovery via Thermoelectric Generators
Introduction
Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Ali Cemal Benim received his B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees in Mechanical Engineering at the Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey. He earned his Ph.D. degree at the University of Stuttgart, Germany, at the Institute of Process Engineering and Power Plant Technology of the Faculty of Energy Technology with degree of distinction (summa cum laude) on the topic Finite Element Modeling of Turbulent Flames.
Subsequently, he worked about seven years in the R&D department Thermal Machinery Laboratory of ABB Turbo Systems Ltd. in Baden, Switzerland. He was the manager of the group Computational Flow and Combustion Modeling.
Since 1996, he is Professor for Energy Technology at the Düsseldorf University of Applied Sciences, at the Faculty of Mechanical and Process Engineering, since 2012 leading the Center of Flow Simulation (CFS).
His research focuses on mathematical modeling and computational simulation of fluid flow, heat and mass transfer in a wide range of engineering applications, with emphasis on energy technology.
Prof. Benim is the Executive Editor of Progress in Computational Fluid Dynamics, the Section Editor-in-Chief of Fire, Associated Editor of Computation and has further editorial positions in a number scientific journals.
Abstract
A thermoelectric generator (TEG) is a semiconductor device, which achieves a direct conversion of heat in to electrical energy. The electric power produced by a TEG is strongly influenced by the applied heat sink. While a TEG is aimed at harvesting waste heat, the optimization of the efficiency of the heat sink is a key task for the design of waste heat recovery systems implementing TEG. A TEG model is proposed and implemented in an open source toolbox for field operation and manipulation (OpenFOAM) for the purpose of performing optimizations of the heat sink, using a commercially available TEG as basis. This model includes the multi-physics thermoelectric coupled effects. Conservation principles of energy and current are considered simultaneously. This includes the thermal and electric conduction, Seebeck effect, Peltier effect, Thomson effect, and Joule heating. Much attention is paid to model validation. On the one hand, different modelling aspects are validated based on the measurements from the literature. On the other hand, specialized experiments are performed on an in-house test rig, which is developed to this purpose. Within this framework, aspects are explored, which have not been investigated in detail before, including the effect of variable temperature patterns.
Based on the models, TEG applications are presented, which aim the utilization of waste heat from a forging process and cogeneration from the abundantly available heat released by biomass combustion. Optimization procedures are additionally utilized in designing the corresponding cooling systems.
Prof. Pradip Dutta
Affiliation: Indian Institute of Science, India
Topic: Sorption based thermal storage and gas storage systems
Introduction Pradip Dutta is currently Professor in the Centre for Energy Research and Associate Faculty in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore.
Currently, Prof. Dutta’s research group focuses on thermal energy storage, advanced cooling technologies, and on technologies related to phase change and adsorption.
Prof. Dutta received his Bachelor’s degree from IIT Kharagpur, Masters from IIT Madras and Ph.D. from Columbia University, New York, all in Mechanical Engineering. He has been elected Fellow of ASME, ASTFE and Fellow of all the four National Academies of India in Science and Engineering. He has received Distinguished Alumnus Awards from both IIT Kharagpur and IIT Madras, J. C. Bose National Fellowship, and Outstanding Teacher Award from the Indian National Academy of Engineering. He is a former President of the Indian Society of Heat and Mass Transfer.
Abstract
The basic operating principle of thermochemical energy storage (TCES) technology consists of an endothermic reaction in which surplus heat is added to separate the sorbent and the sorbate (desorption or charging process) and an exothermic reaction during which heat is released while two components are combined (sorption or discharging process). Among TCES technologies, thermochemical sorption storage systems (or sorption thermal batteries) have recently gained popularity as a viable alternative to conventional heat pumps for space heating and domestic hot water production. The sorption thermal batteries are suitable when low-grade thermal energy in the form of waste heat or non-concentrating solar thermal energy is available; they are thus ideal examples of clean energy.
The present study demonstrates the use of two types of gas-solid pairs as thermochemical materials: potassium carbonate hydrate and metal hydrides. The main component is the energy storage bed (ESB) or reactor, which stores thermochemical material (TCM). During the charging process, heat from an external source is introduced into the ESB, and the gas is separated from the gas-solid pair through an endothermic desorption process. The separated gas is then stored in another component of the system called the gas storage vessel. The “stored” heat can be recovered whenever it is required by sending the gas back to the ESB and performing the exothermic adsorption reaction (discharging process). The heat released can be used for heating applications with the help of a suitable heat transfer fluid (HTF) passing through the reactor. In the case of metal hydride based thermochemical storage systems, there are two reactors: a high temperature reactor which desorbs hydrogen during the charging process, and the released hydrogen is simultaneously stored in a low temperature metal hydride reactor. The low temperature reactor contains a different metal hydride which can desorb at nearly room temperature, so that ambient heat can be used for releasing the stored hydrogen and discharging heat in the high temperature reactor.
Prof. Guangxi Li
Affiliation: Xi'an Aerospace Propulsion Institute, China
Topic: Advanced Cycle and Heat Transfer Technology in the Closed Helium Brayton Cycle of Pre-cooling Air Turbo Rocket Engine
Introduction
Guangxi Li, engine commander of Sixth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology, researcher, doctoral supervisor, part-time professor of Xi'an Jiaotong University, academic technology leader of Aerospace Science and Technology Group Co., LTD., director of Chinese Society of Astronautics, member of Combustion Chemistry Committee of Chinese Chemical Society, deputy director of Dynamic Technology Committee of Shaanxi Provincial Society of Astronautics, vice president of Shaanxi Provincial Youth Federation. After graduating from the school of energy and power engineering of Xi'an Jiaotong University in 2005, he engaged in the technical and management work in the field of ramjet and combined cycle, who had won 5 science and technology awards above provincial and ministerial level, and presided more than 15 national projects. He published more than 50 academic papers and 40 authorized patents.
Abstract
With the development of aerospace science and technology, more attention has been paid to the exploration and utilization of space and deep space. The demand for hypersonic vehicle becomes more prominent. To solve the adverse effects of high temperature from high Mach number flow stagnation on the engine system cycle efficiency, a combined cycle engine based on pre-cooling technology has been developed. In 2014, the pre-cooling air turbo rocket engine (PATR) with independent intellectual property rights was innovatively proposed by Xi'an Aerospace Propulsion Institute. The PATR engine has the advantages of large thrust, high specific impulse, high integration and full speed application and is able to achieve horizontal take-off and landing, reuse and flight transportation, which is an ideal power system for the first stage of two-stage reusable vehicle and near-space hypersonic delivery platform.
The closed helium Brayton cycle is the core component of the pre-cooling thermal cycle for the PATR engine, of which the system composition and control regulation determine the overall performance of the engine. The high heat transfer capacity, low flow loss, high compactness and light weight of each heat exchanger are crucial to the target of high efficient precooling, and reliable operation of pre-cooling engine. The scheme and principle of the helium cycle system are discussed, and the methods of performance optimization and improvement are presented. The helium cycle involves the flow and heat transfer between air, hydrogen, helium and gas loops, which contains three key heat exchangers of the pre-cooler, helium heater and hydrogen-helium heat exchanger. The thermal-hydraulic characteristics of these three heat exchangers under different working conditions are studied. The effects of incoming flow temperature and mass flow rate on the heat transfer capacity of the pre-cooler are analyzed. Then the combustion and thermal characteristics of the helium heater are discussed. And the heat transfer characteristics of the printed circuit heat exchanger and triply periodic minimal surface heat exchanger are also compared. To further develop the reusable heat transfer technology with high efficiency, low resistance, compact structure, and fast thermal response, the present study prospects the development tendency of improving the heat transfer efficiency and power to weight ratio of heat exchangers.
Prof. Wojciech Lipiński
Affiliation: The Cyprus Institute, Cyprus
Topic: Storing sunlight using high-temperature solid–gas processes
Introduction
Wojciech Lipiński is a Professor at the Cyprus Institute. He obtained his Master of Science degree in Environmental Engineering from Warsaw University of Technology (2000), doctorate in Mechanical and Process Engineering from ETH Zurich (2004), and habilitation in Energy Technology from ETH Zurich (2009). He previously held academic positions at ETH Zurich (2004–2009), the University of Minnesota (2009–2013), and the Australian National University (2013–2021).
Prof. Lipiński's research interests encompass optical, thermal and chemical engineering sciences applied to solar energy. His basic research is focused on advances in transport and reactive flow phenomena, in particular for problems with significant radiative transfer effects.
Prof. Lipiński's work primarily underpins developments in concentrated solar thermal energy for power generation, processing of fuels and materials, and environmental separations. Prof. Lipiński is the Editor-in-Chief of Thermopedia and an Associate Editor of Solar Energy and the Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer. He is involved in the International Centre for Heat and Mass Transfer and several other professional societies. His work has been recognised, among others, with the Elsevier/JQSRT Raymond Viskanta Award (2013) and the ASME Yellot Award (2020). He is Fellow of the ASME (2021).
Abstract
High-flux solar irradiation obtained with optical concentrators is a viable source of clean process heat for high-temperature physical and chemical processing. Traditionally, the progress in concentrating solar thermal technologies has been driven by advancements in concentrated solar power, in particular in the context of large-scale dispatchable power generation. Solar thermochemistry is concerned with direct thermochemical production of chemical fuels and materials processing, without intermediate electricity generation, promising high energy conversion efficiency. Solar thermal and thermochemical technologies offer unique advantages in rapidly evolving mixed renewable energy systems. They can complement direct renewable electricity generation technologies through sharing of relatively inexpensive but large energy storage capacity and by enabling hybrid thermo–electrochemical operation of chemical processing systems. This presentation gives an overview of progress in research and development of high-temperature thermal and thermochemical systems using solid–gas processes for solar energy collection, conversion, and storage. Selected studies in optical, thermal and chemical engineering sciences pertinent to development of novel solar materials, receivers and reactors are discussed, including modelling, experimental and combined investigations.
Prof. Majeed Mohamad
Affiliation: The University of Calgary, Canada
Topic: Heat Transfer Enhancement
Introduction
Professor Abdulmajeed (Majeed) Mohamad is a Professor in the Dept. of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering at the University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada. He graduated from Baghdad University with a BSc (Hons) and MSc in 1976 and 1978, respectively. He obtained a Ph.D. degree and postdoc from the School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, USA. Dr. Mohamad’s research interests are thermal system analysis, computational methods, Lattice Boltzmann Methods, etc. Professor Mohamad has been invited to many institutions worldwide as a lecturer, keynote speaker, and invited Professor. He is an associated editor of the ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. Also, the associated editor of Int. J. Energy Storage and Saving; Associate editor of Computational Thermal Sciences, Guest editors of a few thermal and computational engineering and sciences journals.
Abstract
Heat transfer is a critical factor affecting the performance of devices, particularly electronic ones. Over the years, various techniques have been developed and employed to improve heat transfer from industrial, medical, space, military, and other devices. These techniques primarily focus on increasing the heat transfer area, promoting mixing and turbulence. Among them, jet impingement, microchannel, and phase change, specifically heat pipes, offer the most effective heat transfer enhancement.
However, when using conventional fluids like water and air, the performance of these techniques is limited when it comes to dissipating high heat fluxes. This limitation becomes increasingly important as electronic devices continue to be miniaturized and high-power lasers come into play, requiring more advanced heat removal systems.
To develop reliable heat transfer enhancement devices that offer high heat transfer capabilities while minimizing pumping power requirements, it is crucial to have a deep understanding of fluid dynamics and the mechanisms governing heat transfer.
The purpose of this technical summary is to provide an overview of the various heat transfer enhancements that have been developed in our laboratory. By delving into the nuanced aspects of heat transfer mechanisms, we aim to contribute to advancing this field and develop cutting-edge solutions for heat removal systems.
Prof. Ho Seok Park
Affiliation: Sungkyunkwan University, Korea
Topic: Materials and Interface for Li-S and Aqueous Metal Batteries
Introduction
Ho Seok Park is a direct of Center for 2D Redox Energy Storage (2DRES), a professor of Chemical Engineering at the Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), an adjunct professor at the Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology (SAIHST), and SKKU Fellow. He received his Ph.D. from Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST) in 2008 and worked as a postdoctoral researcher at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) from 2008 to 2010. His current research interests focus on electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices based on 2D and carbon nanomaterials and polymer electrolytes. He has published ~290 papers (H-index 69), including Nature Materials, Joule, Chem. Soc. Rev., Energy & Environ. Sci., Nature Commun., Adv. Mater., Adv. Energy Mater., JACS, ACS Energy Lett., Nano Lett., ACS Nano, etc, and been taking associate and guest editor and editorial board member in the SCI(E) journals of InfoMat, Adv. Funct. Mater., NEXT Energy, Energy Materials, Batteries & Supercaps, J. Phys. Energy, Materials Today Energy, and so on. His research was promoted in Nature Index (https://www.nature.com/articles/d42473-022-00073-6). He has been recognized by several awards including the Young Korean Academy of Science and Technology (Y-KAST) Member, Commendation from Ministry of Science and ICT Minister, EnSM Young Scientist Award, S-OIL Young Scientist Award, National R&D Excellence 100 in 2019, the Scientist of the Month, the LG Yeonam Fellowship, and so on. He delivered ~40 Invited or Keynote talks in the international conference of Nature Conference, ACS, MRS, ECS, etc, as well as ~20 Invited talks in top universities of U Penn, UCLA, UIUC, U Cambridge, Monash University, ESPCI, Tsinghua University, Fudan University, Tianjin University, BUCT, HUST, and so on.
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are considered as a champion of rechargeable battery dominating the existing markets for portable electronics, but it is very difficult to meet the requirements of energy density, safety, and cost for emerging applications into electrical vehicles and ESS. In order to replace the current LIBs, the next-generation batteries have been investigated so far.
In this talk, I will introduce two strong candidates to overcome the technical bottlenecks of LIBs. Firstly, I will introduce our recent progress on hierarchically structured, carbon and composite architectures for the sulfur hosting of energy dense Li-S batteries.1-5 Beyond the hierarchical architecturing of carbon nanomaterials, the electrocatalysts that can promote sulfur conversion and utilization efficiency will be proposed for the more reversible kinetics and the inhibited polysulfide shuttling. Secondly, will introduce the electrolytes, corresponding interfaces, and electrocatalysts for reversible Zn and Al deposition of Zn metal and Zn-Al alloy anodes.6-10 These aqueous metal batteries are very attractive owing to their high theoretical capacity, natural abundance, and high safety beyond LIBs.
Prof. Aleksandr N. Pavlenko
Affiliation: Kutateladze Institute of Thermophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia
Topic: Heat and mass transfer enhancement during boiling and evaporation to improve energy efficiency and energy saving in the power, chemical industries and microelectronics
Introduction
Aleksandr Pavlenko is Corresponding Member of Russian Academy of Sciences, a Professor and Head of the Low-Temperature Thermophysics Laboratory of Kutateladze Institute of Thermophysics (Novosibirsk, Russia). He graduated Department of Physics, Novosibirsk State University (1981). In 1990 he received PhD degree for his work "Crisis of heat transfer at non-stationary heat release and dynamics of boiling regimes change at pool boiling of cryogenic liquid". In 2001 received DSc for his work "Transfer processes at boiling and evaporation". The main scientific results: - developed the theory of boiling crisis in nonstationary heat generation, experimentally and theoretically investigated the mechanisms of the development of self-sustaining evaporation front in metastable liquids and the dynamics of change of boiling regimes; - for the first time the regularities of heat transfer and development of crisis phenomena in the falling wave liquid films at nonstationary heat release was investigated; methods of heat transfer enhancement during evaporation and boiling under different hydrodynamic conditions using micro-/nanostructured surfaces were developed; - developed scientific bases of processes of mass transfer in distillation using structured packings serving as a base for the creation of new modern efficient energy and cryogenic technologies. He is the author and co-author of more than 500 research works and two monographs. He is Member of the Research Council of the Intern. Comm. for Heat and Mass Transfer, the Editor-in-Chief of the "Journal of Engineering Thermophysics", Editorial Board Member of the "Journal of Enhanced Heat Transfer”, "High Temperature" and "Heat Processes in Engineering". Prof. A. Pavlenko was the Chairman of the Organizing Committee of the Intern. Conf. "5th Intern. Workshop on Heat /Mass Transfer Advances for Conservation and Pollution Control (IWHT2019)", Organizer and Chairman of Organizing Committee of 7 Intern. Workshops ISHM-I–ISHM-VII (2014–2018), Co-Chairman, Deputy Chairman, Member of the Organizing Committee of 50 Intern. and Russian conferences.
Since 1995 Prof. A. Pavlenko has led research for over $15M in research grants from government and industry sources. In terms of application main practical achievements of A. Pavlenko are bound with the development of the methods increasing mixture separation efficiency in the cryogenic packed columns, heat transfer enhancement methods in compact plate fin heat exchangers. For successful and fruitful cooperation with the largest company of cryogenic machine building he was awarded with four Certificates of Recognition ("Air Products”, 2002, 2009). He is the laureate of the Intern. A.V. Lykov award (2020), prize of academician S.S. Kutateladze (1998).
Abstract
In plenary report the analysis of the modern state in the field of development of methods of heat transfer enhancement, control of extreme processes of heat and mass transfer at boiling and evaporation in various hydrodynamic conditions, including regimes at free convection, at spray/jet irrigation, at film flows and in liquid layers, including in the field of mass forces of considerable intensity is carried out. The basic physical mechanisms determining in interconnection significant intensification of heat and mass transfer processes, increase of critical heat flux in the considered regimes at use of various types of modification of the heat-emitting surface are considered.
As part of this analysis, a number of the latest results obtained by various methods (micro-nanostructured capillary-porous coatings created by plasma method; 3D printing methods; metal foams, composite porous surfaces and structures; micro-arc oxidation method, micro-deformable cutting method; mesh coatings; methods for creating contrast wettability; electrochemical methods for deposition and coating creation; combined methods), including experimental data of the author and his colleagues, are discussed.
In the first section, the possible physical mechanisms and factors responsible for the enhancement of heat transfer during bubble boiling under conditions of free convection are analyzed, depending on the degree of proximity to the critical heat flux, and the type of liquid. The issues of the specifics of the development of methods for increasing the critical heat flux with the simultaneous possibility of increasing the heat transfer coefficient at bubble boiling are discussed. The results of the comparison of the new experimental data on heat transfer and critical heat flux at pool boiling of different liquids with different laws of heat generation on new microstructured capillary-porous coatings produced by directed plasma spraying and 3D printing, on surfaces modified by electrochemical method, foam layer soldering or using other methods are presented.
In the second part of the report, there is the comparative analysis of heat transfer efficiency and critical heat flux in the film flows of liquids and liquid mixtures over a vertical cylinders and horizontal tubes with the horizontal microtexture, diamond-shaped cut, artificial roughness, nanoFLUX, LbL and other commercial surfaces, the structures obtained with a deformable cutting (MDC), micro-arc oxidation method (MAO), mesh covers of various forms. These results are compared with data of different authors obtained for various microstructured surfaces and well-known calculation dependences for the coefficients of heat transfer and critical heat flux. The features of the mechanisms of heat transfer intensification and increase of the critical heat flux under the conditions of heat transfer in flowing liquid films in comparison with pool boiling and boiling in liquid layers of different thicknesses are discussed.
The prospective and problematic issues of conducting research on the development of methods for cooling modern electronics with high and ultrahigh heat fluxes are considered. The final part of the report presents the results of an extensive series of experimental studies conducted on a large-scale distillation column to investigate the relationship between the separation efficiency of mixtures and the distribution of liquid and vapor phase flow parameters in structured packings of different geometry. The results on the use of the method of dynamic irrigation proposed by the author and his colleagues to improve the efficiency of separation of mixtures are presented. New modern high-efficiency technologies for the creation of so-called distillation columns with separating walls are considered, which serve as an important and necessary basis for the creation of new high-efficiency distillation columns for the separation of multicomponent mixtures (so-called Dividing-Wall Columns (DWC)).
Prof. Zhifeng Wang
Affiliation: Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Topic: Solar seasonal thermal storage technology
Introduction
Dr. Zhifeng Wang is a Professor in the Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. He obtained his PhD at Tsinghua University in 1993. His research interests mainly focus on the design of solar thermal power generation system, flow and heat transfer issues in high temperature solar heat collector systems, thermal performance evaluation of solar collectors, solar seasonal thermal storage, solar integrated building technology. He has been granted by Awardee of Ten Thousand Talent Program of China, Awardee of 100 talents program of Chinese Academy of Sciences. He was rated as World’s Top 2% Scientists 2023, has published 200 papers which were cited 3,500 times and rewarded by China Solar Thermal Utilization Outstanding Contribution Award, Excellent doctoral supervisor of Chinese Academy of Sciences and etc. He developed and constructed the China's first solar thermal power generation experimental power station, and created the China Solar Thermal Alliance to promote the technological innovation, industrialization and government support for solar thermal power generation. His achievements including “DESIGN OF SOLAR THERMAL POWER PLANTS” have been widely applied in concentrating solar thermal power technology and etc.
Abstract
Solar thermal technology is an important measure to solve winter haze. Currently, household solar energy mainly solves the problem of individual buildings such as rural houses, and this technology has achieved small-scale industrialization; Centralized solar heating stations mainly solve the problem of concentrated residential buildings in urban areas and are an important development direction in the future. It is one of the important technological means to reduce coal consumption in urban areas in the future. By relying on key technologies such as solar energy cross season heat storage, and using a large capacity cross season heat storage system as the heat carrier, solar energy can be utilized throughout the year. Compared with household systems, it improves the effective operating hours of the system and has a positive promoting effect on improving system economy. Due to its good economic performance, this type of technology has been commercialized in countries such as Denmark. Since the "Twelfth Five Year Plan", the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Chinese Academy of Sciences have deployed a number of solar energy seasonal thermal storage projects. At present, China has made important progress in low heat loss and thermocline control technology of high-capacity seasonal thermal storage, large water body top cover technology, and multi energy complementary integration technology based on high-capacity seasonal thermal storage. Dr. Zhifeng Wang has been researching solar seasonal thermal storage technology since 2017. At this conference, he will introduce his own and his team's research results.